Rocks - Practice Test 1

Attempt the quiz above first, then review every question with its correct answer and a short explanation below.

1. Q1.The scientific study of rocks is called:

   • A.Petrology✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Geology
   • C.Lithology
   • D.Mineralogy

   Explanation: Petrology deals with the origin, composition, structure, and classification of rocks.

2. Q2.Which type of rock is known as 'Primary Rock'?

   • A.Sedimentary
   • B.Igneous✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Metamorphic
   • D.Fossiliferous

   Explanation: Igneous rocks are formed first from cooling magma/lava, hence called Primary Rocks.

3. Q3.Igneous rocks are formed by:

   • A.Deposition of sediments
   • B.Cooling and solidification of magma/lava✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Heat and pressure
   • D.Chemical weathering

   Explanation: Igneous rocks originate from the solidification of molten magma or lava.

4. Q4.Which of the following is an example of an Intrusive Igneous Rock?

   • A.Basalt
   • B.Granite✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Sandstone
   • D.Marble

   Explanation: Granite forms when magma cools slowly beneath the Earth's surface.

5. Q5.Which of the following is an example of an Extrusive Igneous Rock?

   • A.Granite
   • B.Basalt✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Gabbro
   • D.Diorite

   Explanation: Basalt forms from lava cooling quickly on the surface.

6. Q6.Sedimentary rocks are formed by:

   • A.Cooling of magma
   • B.Accumulation and lithification of sediments✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Metamorphism
   • D.Volcanic eruption

   Explanation: Sedimentary rocks form from layers of sediments pressed together (lithification).

7. Q7.Fossils are found in which type of rocks?

   • A.Igneous
   • B.Sedimentary✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Metamorphic
   • D.Volcanic

   Explanation: Fossils are preserved in sedimentary layers; igneous processes destroy them.

8. Q8.Which rock type constitutes about 75% of the Earth's surface area?

   • A.Igneous
   • B.Sedimentary✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Metamorphic
   • D.Plutonic

   Explanation: Sedimentary rocks cover 75% of the surface but make up only 5% of the crust's volume.

9. Q9.Metamorphic rocks are formed from:

   • A.Igneous rocks only
   • B.Sedimentary rocks only
   • C.Both Igneous and Sedimentary rocks✓ Correct Answer
   • D.None

   Explanation: Metamorphic rocks form from pre-existing rocks (igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic) under heat/pressure.

10. Q10.Limestone changes into which metamorphic rock?

    • A.Slate
    • B.Marble✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Gneiss
    • D.Quartzite

    Explanation: Limestone metamorphoses into Marble.

11. Q11.Sandstone changes into which metamorphic rock?

    • A.Marble
    • B.Quartzite✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Slate
    • D.Schist

    Explanation: Sandstone metamorphoses into Quartzite.

12. Q12.Granite changes into:

    • A.Gneiss✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Schist
    • C.Slate
    • D.Basalt

    Explanation: Granite metamorphoses into Gneiss.

13. Q13.Shale changes into:

    • A.Slate✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Marble
    • C.Quartzite
    • D.Coal

    Explanation: Shale (sedimentary) metamorphoses into Slate.

14. Q14.Coal changes into which metamorphic forms?

    • A.Graphite and Diamond✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Slate and Marble
    • C.Gneiss and Schist
    • D.Sandstone and Limestone

    Explanation: Coal (Carbon) metamorphoses into Graphite and Diamond.

15. Q15.Which of the following is NOT an igneous rock?

    • A.Basalt
    • B.Granite
    • C.Limestone✓ Correct Answer
    • D.Gabbro

    Explanation: Limestone is a sedimentary rock.

16. Q16.Which of the following is NOT a sedimentary rock?

    • A.Sandstone
    • B.Limestone
    • C.Coal
    • D.Marble✓ Correct Answer

    Explanation: Marble is a metamorphic rock.

17. Q17.Which rock floats on water?

    • A.Granite
    • B.Pumice✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Basalt
    • D.Marble

    Explanation: Pumice is a volcanic rock with many air bubbles, making it light enough to float.

18. Q18.The Taj Mahal is built of:

    • A.Red Sandstone
    • B.White Marble✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Granite
    • D.Basalt

    Explanation: The Taj Mahal is made of white Makrana marble (metamorphic).

19. Q19.The Red Fort in Delhi is built of:

    • A.Red Sandstone✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Marble
    • C.Granite
    • D.Limestone

    Explanation: The Red Fort is made of Red Sandstone (Sedimentary).

20. Q20.Molten rock material inside the Earth is:

    • A.Lava
    • B.Magma✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Ash
    • D.Crust

    Explanation: It is Magma when inside, and Lava when it erupts.