Emergency Provisions MCQ: Article 352, Armed Rebellion & Article 358-359

Attempt the quiz above first, then review every question with its correct answer and a short explanation below.

1. Q1.Which Part of the Indian Constitution deals with Emergency Provisions?

   • A.Part XVI
   • B.Part XVII
   • C.Part XVIII✓ Correct Answer
   • D.Part XX

   Explanation: Part XVIII of the Indian Constitution, from Articles 352 to 360, deals with Emergency Provisions.

2. Q2.Which Article of the Constitution deals with National Emergency?

   • A.Article 352✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Article 356
   • C.Article 360
   • D.Article 365

   Explanation: Article 352 deals with the proclamation of National Emergency on grounds of war, external aggression, or armed rebellion.

3. Q3.Which Constitutional Amendment substituted the term 'Internal Disturbance' with 'Armed Rebellion'?

   • A.38th Amendment
   • B.42nd Amendment
   • C.44th Amendment✓ Correct Answer
   • D.46th Amendment

   Explanation: The 44th Amendment Act of 1978 substituted the words 'internal disturbance' with 'armed rebellion' to prevent misuse.

4. Q4.How many times has the National Emergency been proclaimed in India so far?

   • A.Once
   • B.Twice
   • C.Thrice✓ Correct Answer
   • D.Four times

   Explanation: National Emergency has been proclaimed three times so far: in 1962 (China war), 1971 (Pakistan war), and 1975 (Internal disturbance).

5. Q5.The proclamation of National Emergency must be approved by both Houses of Parliament within how much time?

   • A.1 month✓ Correct Answer
   • B.2 months
   • C.3 months
   • D.6 months

   Explanation: Originally it was 2 months, but the 44th Amendment Act of 1978 reduced it to 1 month.

6. Q6.Which majority is required in Parliament to approve the proclamation of National Emergency?

   • A.Simple Majority
   • B.Absolute Majority
   • C.Special Majority✓ Correct Answer
   • D.Effective Majority

   Explanation: It requires a Special Majority, that is, a majority of the total membership of the House and a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting.

7. Q7.During a National Emergency, the life of the Lok Sabha can be extended by how much time at once?

   • A.6 months
   • B.1 year✓ Correct Answer
   • C.2 years
   • D.3 years

   Explanation: The life of the Lok Sabha may be extended beyond its normal term for one year at a time by a law of Parliament.

8. Q8.Which Article suspends the Fundamental Rights under Article 19 during a National Emergency?

   • A.Article 358✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Article 359
   • C.Article 356
   • D.Article 360

   Explanation: Article 358 deals with the suspension of the Fundamental Rights guaranteed by Article 19.

9. Q9.Article 358 operates only if the National Emergency is declared on which grounds?

   • A.War or External Aggression✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Armed Rebellion
   • C.Internal Disturbance
   • D.Financial Instability

   Explanation: Article 358 applies only to External Emergency (War or External Aggression) and not to Internal Emergency (Armed Rebellion).

10. Q10.Which two Fundamental Rights cannot be suspended even during a National Emergency?

    • A.Article 14 and 15
    • B.Article 19 and 20
    • C.Article 20 and 21✓ Correct Answer
    • D.Article 21 and 22

    Explanation: The 44th Amendment Act (1978) mandated that the enforcement of rights under Article 20 and 21 cannot be suspended.

11. Q11.Which Article empowers the President to suspend the enforcement of Fundamental Rights (except 20 & 21)?

    • A.Article 358
    • B.Article 359✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Article 356
    • D.Article 365

    Explanation: Article 359 authorizes the President to suspend the right to move any court for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.

12. Q12.President's Rule constitutes which type of emergency?

    • A.National Emergency
    • B.State Emergency✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Financial Emergency
    • D.War Emergency

    Explanation: An emergency due to the failure of the constitutional machinery in the states (Article 356) is popularly known as President's Rule or State Emergency.

13. Q13.Under which Article can President's Rule be imposed if a state fails to comply with the directions of the Centre?

    • A.Article 356
    • B.Article 365✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Article 360
    • D.Article 355

    Explanation: Article 365 says that if a state fails to comply with directions from the Centre, it is lawful for the President to hold that the state government cannot be carried on in accordance with the Constitution.

14. Q14.A proclamation of President's Rule must be approved by Parliament within how much time?

    • A.1 month
    • B.2 months✓ Correct Answer
    • C.3 months
    • D.6 months

    Explanation: A proclamation imposing President's Rule must be approved by both the Houses of Parliament within two months from the date of its issue.

15. Q15.What is the maximum period for which President's Rule can be extended with Parliamentary approval?

    • A.1 year
    • B.2 years
    • C.3 years✓ Correct Answer
    • D.Indefinitely

    Explanation: It can be extended for a maximum period of three years, but beyond one year, certain conditions must be met.

16. Q16.Which case ruled that the imposition of President's Rule is subject to judicial review?

    • A.Minerva Mills Case
    • B.S.R. Bommai Case✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Kesavananda Bharati Case
    • D.Golaknath Case

    Explanation: In the S.R. Bommai case (1994), the Supreme Court laid down guidelines for the imposition of President's Rule and stated it is subject to judicial review.

17. Q17.Which Article deals with Financial Emergency?

    • A.Article 352
    • B.Article 356
    • C.Article 360✓ Correct Answer
    • D.Article 370

    Explanation: Article 360 empowers the President to proclaim a Financial Emergency if he is satisfied that a situation has arisen due to which the financial stability of India is threatened.

18. Q18.What is the maximum duration for a Financial Emergency?

    • A.1 year
    • B.3 years
    • C.5 years
    • D.No maximum period✓ Correct Answer

    Explanation: Once approved by Parliament, a Financial Emergency continues indefinitely until it is revoked. There is no maximum period prescribed.

19. Q19.Who has the power to revoke a National Emergency?

    • A.Prime Minister
    • B.President✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Lok Sabha Speaker
    • D.Chief Justice of India

    Explanation: The President can revoke a proclamation of National Emergency at any time by a subsequent proclamation. This does not require parliamentary approval.

20. Q20.Which of the following persons described the Emergency provisions as 'a fraud on the Constitution'?

    • A.H.V. Kamath
    • B.K.T. Shah
    • C.B.R. Ambedkar
    • D.K.M. Nambiar✓ Correct Answer

    Explanation: K.M. Nambiar condemned the emergency provisions as 'a fraud on the Constitution'. K.T. Shah called it 'a chapter of reaction and retrograde'.