High Courts MCQ: Judge Transfer Power, NALSA & Additional Judges

Attempt the quiz above first, then review every question with its correct answer and a short explanation below.

1. Q1.Who has the power to transfer a judge from one High Court to another?

   • A.The Chief Justice of India
   • B.The Parliament
   • C.The President✓ Correct Answer
   • D.The Prime Minister

   Explanation: The President can transfer a judge from one High Court to another after consulting the Chief Justice of India.

2. Q2.Salaries and allowances of the Judges of the High Court are charged to which fund?

   • A.Consolidated Fund of India
   • B.Contingency Fund of India
   • C.Consolidated Fund of the State✓ Correct Answer
   • D.Contingency Fund of the State

   Explanation: The salaries and allowances of High Court judges are charged to the Consolidated Fund of the State, but their pensions are charged to the Consolidated Fund of India.

3. Q3.Which of the following writs basically implies 'we command'?

   • A.Habeas Corpus
   • B.Mandamus✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Quo-Warranto
   • D.Certiorari

   Explanation: Mandamus literally means 'we command'. It is a command issued by the court to a public official asking him to perform his official duties that he has failed or refused to perform.

4. Q4.The National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) has been constituted under which Act?

   • A.Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Advocates Act, 1961
   • C.Family Courts Act, 1984
   • D.Gram Nyayalayas Act, 2008

   Explanation: NALSA has been constituted under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 to provide free Legal Services to the weaker sections of the society.

5. Q5.Lok Adalats are based on whose principles?

   • A.B.R. Ambedkar
   • B.Mahatma Gandhi✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Jawaharlal Nehru
   • D.Sardar Patel

   Explanation: Lok Adalat is a forum where disputes/cases pending in the court of law or at pre-litigation stage are settled/compromised amicably. It is based on Gandhian principles.

6. Q6.What are the grounds for the removal of a High Court judge?

   • A.Violation of the Constitution
   • B.Proved misbehavior or incapacity✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Insolvency
   • D.Corruption

   Explanation: A judge of a High Court can be removed from his office by an order of the President on the grounds of proved misbehavior or incapacity.

7. Q7.The procedure for the impeachment of a High Court judge is the same as that of whom?

   • A.The President of India
   • B.A Judge of the Supreme Court✓ Correct Answer
   • C.The Chairman of Rajya Sabha
   • D.The Attorney General of India

   Explanation: The grounds and procedure for the removal of a High Court judge are the same as those for a Supreme Court judge.

8. Q8.Under the Judges Enquiry Act (1968), a removal motion for a High Court judge signed by 100 members is required in which House?

   • A.Rajya Sabha
   • B.Lok Sabha✓ Correct Answer
   • C.State Legislative Assembly
   • D.Both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha

   Explanation: A removal motion signed by 100 members is required if it is introduced in the Lok Sabha, and by 50 members if introduced in the Rajya Sabha.

9. Q9.Who appoints an Acting Chief Justice of a High Court?

   • A.The Chief Justice of India
   • B.The Governor
   • C.The President✓ Correct Answer
   • D.The Chief Minister

   Explanation: The President can appoint a judge of a High Court as an Acting Chief Justice when the office of Chief Justice is vacant or the Chief Justice is unable to perform his duties.

10. Q10.What is the maximum period for which an Additional Judge can be appointed in a High Court?

    • A.1 year
    • B.2 years✓ Correct Answer
    • C.3 years
    • D.5 years

    Explanation: The President can appoint duly qualified persons as additional judges of a High Court for a temporary period not exceeding two years.

11. Q11.Who can request a retired High Court judge to act as a judge of the High Court?

    • A.The President
    • B.The Governor
    • C.The Chief Justice of the High Court✓ Correct Answer
    • D.The Chief Justice of India

    Explanation: The Chief Justice of a High Court can request a retired judge of that High Court or any other High Court to act as a judge of the High Court, with the previous consent of the President.

12. Q12.Which of the following cases comes under the Original Jurisdiction of the High Court?

    • A.Disputes relating to the election of MPs and MLAs✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Disputes between two states
    • C.Advisory jurisdiction
    • D.Inter-state water disputes

    Explanation: The Original Jurisdiction of the High Court extends to disputes relating to the election of members of Parliament and State Legislatures.

13. Q13.The High Court can hear appeals in civil cases if the case involves which of the following?

    • A.Question of fact only
    • B.Question of law only
    • C.Both question of fact and law
    • D.Substantial question of law✓ Correct Answer

    Explanation: A second appeal lies to the High Court from the judgments of subordinate courts if the case involves a substantial question of law.

14. Q14.In criminal matters, an appeal lies to the High Court if the sentence of imprisonment exceeds how many years?

    • A.3 years
    • B.5 years
    • C.7 years✓ Correct Answer
    • D.10 years

    Explanation: Appeals from the judgments of sessions court and additional sessions court lie to the High Court if the sentence of imprisonment exceeds seven years.

15. Q15.Article 227 of the Indian Constitution deals with?

    • A.Power of superintendence over all courts by the High Court✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Power of High Court to issue writs
    • C.Appointment of District Judges
    • D.Establishment of a common High Court

    Explanation: Article 227 vests in the High Court the power of superintendence over all courts and tribunals throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction.

16. Q16.The power of superintendence of the High Court (Article 227) does NOT extend to?

    • A.District Courts
    • B.Family Courts
    • C.Military Courts or Tribunals✓ Correct Answer
    • D.Labor Courts

    Explanation: The power of superintendence of the High Court does not extend to any court or tribunal constituted by or under any law relating to the armed forces.

17. Q17.As a Court of Record, the High Court has the power to punish for contempt. This power is implicitly derived from which Article?

    • A.Article 214
    • B.Article 215✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Article 216
    • D.Article 217

    Explanation: Article 215 declares that every High Court shall be a court of record and shall have all the powers of such a court including the power to punish for contempt of itself.

18. Q18.Which case ruled that the writ jurisdiction of the High Court is a part of the 'basic structure' of the Constitution?

    • A.Kesavananda Bharati case (1973)
    • B.Minerva Mills case (1980)
    • C.Chandra Kumar case (1997)✓ Correct Answer
    • D.S.R. Bommai case (1994)

    Explanation: In the Chandra Kumar case (1997), the Supreme Court ruled that the writ jurisdiction of both the High Court and the Supreme Court constitutes a part of the basic structure of the Constitution.

19. Q19.Who determines the posting and promotion of persons belonging to the judicial service of the state (other than District Judges)?

    • A.The High Court✓ Correct Answer
    • B.The Governor
    • C.The State Public Service Commission
    • D.The Chief Minister

    Explanation: The control over subordinate courts regarding posting, promotion, etc., of persons belonging to the judicial service (other than District Judges) is vested in the High Court.

20. Q20.Who appoints persons (other than district judges) to the judicial service of a state?

    • A.The High Court
    • B.The Governor✓ Correct Answer
    • C.The State Public Service Commission
    • D.The President

    Explanation: Appointments of persons other than district judges to the judicial service of a state are made by the Governor after consultation with the State Public Service Commission and the High Court.