Geography: Scope and Concepts - Practice Test 2

Attempt the quiz above first, then review every question with its correct answer and a short explanation below.

1. Q1.Biogeography is the study of:

   • A.Distribution of species (flora and fauna)✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Rocks and minerals
   • C.Ocean currents
   • D.Human population

   Explanation: Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time.

2. Q2.Which school of thought emphasizes that 'Nature provides opportunities and man utilizes them'?

   • A.Determinism
   • B.Possibilism✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Neodeterminism
   • D.Behavioralism

   Explanation: Possibilism asserts that the environment offers a set of possibilities, and humans have the discretion to choose.

3. Q3.The 'Behavioral Approach' in geography emphasizes:

   • A.Statistical data
   • B.Perception and cognition of environment by humans✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Physical laws
   • D.Economic profit

   Explanation: Behavioral geography focuses on the cognitive processes underlying spatial reasoning, decision making, and behavior.

4. Q4.GIS stands for:

   • A.Geological Information System
   • B.Geographic Information System✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Global Information Source
   • D.Geo Internet System

   Explanation: GIS stands for Geographic Information System, a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present spatial data.

5. Q5.Who is the author of 'Meteorologica'?

   • A.Plato
   • B.Aristotle✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Eratosthenes
   • D.Strabo

   Explanation: Aristotle wrote 'Meteorologica', one of the earliest works on earth sciences.

6. Q6.The study of map-making is known as:

   • A.Demography
   • B.Cartography✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Topography
   • D.Geology

   Explanation: Cartography is the study and practice of making maps.

7. Q7.Which theme of geography answers the question 'Where is it?'?

   • A.Location✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Place
   • C.Region
   • D.Movement

   Explanation: Location refers to the position of something on the earth's surface.

8. Q8.The term 'Cosmography' was used by:

   • A.Humboldt✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Ritter
   • C.Kant
   • D.Ptolemy

   Explanation: Humboldt divided his study into Uranography (Astronomy) and Geography (Cosmography).

9. Q9.Human Geography is the study of:

   • A.Earth's interior
   • B.Relationship between human society and earth's surface✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Marine life
   • D.Planetary motion

   Explanation: Human Geography studies the interrelationship between the physical environment and the socio-cultural environment created by humans.

10. Q10.Which of the following is NOT one of the five themes of geography?

    • A.Location
    • B.Place
    • C.Human-Environment Interaction
    • D.Chemistry✓ Correct Answer

    Explanation: The five themes are Location, Place, Human-Environment Interaction, Movement, and Region. Chemistry is not one.

11. Q11.Systematic Geography is based on the approach of:

    • A.Studying one topic worldwide✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Studying all topics in one region
    • C.Studying only water bodies
    • D.Studying only mountains

    Explanation: Systematic geography selects one geographical factor and studies its distribution globally (e.g., world climate).

12. Q12.Who is associated with the concept of 'Lebensraum' (Living Space)?

    • A.Ratzel✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Ritter
    • C.Humboldt
    • D.Blache

    Explanation: Friedrich Ratzel introduced the concept of Lebensraum, comparing the state to a living organism that needs space to grow.

13. Q13.Hydrology deals with:

    • A.Study of rocks
    • B.Study of water on earth✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Study of winds
    • D.Study of stars

    Explanation: Hydrology is the scientific study of the movement, distribution, and management of water on Earth.

14. Q14.Who was the first to calculate the circumference of the Earth?

    • A.Aristotle
    • B.Eratosthenes✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Ptolemy
    • D.Newton

    Explanation: Eratosthenes calculated the Earth's circumference with remarkable accuracy using the sun's angles.

15. Q15.The 'Radical Geography' movement emerged as a critique of:

    • A.Quantitative Revolution✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Regional Geography
    • C.Physical Geography
    • D.Ancient Geography

    Explanation: Radical geography emerged in the 1970s as a critique of the quantitative revolution, focusing on social justice and inequality (often using Marxist theory).

16. Q16.Remote Sensing involves:

    • A.Physical contact with the object
    • B.Collecting data without physical contact✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Digging the ground
    • D.Interviewing people

    Explanation: Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact (e.g., using satellites).

17. Q17.Which of the following is a component of 'Geoinformatics'?

    • A.Remote Sensing
    • B.GIS
    • C.GPS
    • D.All of the above✓ Correct Answer

    Explanation: Geoinformatics includes Remote Sensing, GIS (Geographic Information System), and GPS (Global Positioning System).

18. Q18.Ellen Churchill Semple was a strong supporter of:

    • A.Possibilism
    • B.Environmental Determinism✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Behavioralism
    • D.Humanism

    Explanation: Ellen Semple was a student of Ratzel and a staunch supporter of Environmental Determinism ('Man is a product of the earth's surface').

19. Q19.Which branch of geography studies population dynamics like birth rate and migration?

    • A.Economic Geography
    • B.Population Geography✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Settlement Geography
    • D.Political Geography

    Explanation: Population Geography studies demographic phenomena like fertility, mortality, and migration.

20. Q20.The 'Big Bang Theory' explains the origin of:

    • A.Continents
    • B.Universe✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Oceans
    • D.Life

    Explanation: The Big Bang Theory is the prevailing cosmological model for the origin of the universe.