Geomorphic Processes - Practice Test 4

Attempt the quiz above first, then review every question with its correct answer and a short explanation below.

1. Q1.Which soil is best for cotton cultivation?

   • A.Red Soil
   • B.Black Soil (Regur)✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Laterite Soil
   • D.Desert Soil

   Explanation: Black soil retains moisture well, ideal for cotton.

2. Q2.The Red color of Red Soil is due to:

   • A.Nitrogen
   • B.Iron Oxide✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Humus
   • D.Potash

   Explanation: Presence of ferric oxides gives the red color.

3. Q3.Erosion of soil by water can be prevented by:

   • A.Deforestation
   • B.Afforestation✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Overgrazing
   • D.Heavy rain

   Explanation: Planting trees (afforestation) binds the soil.

4. Q4.Terrace farming is practiced in:

   • A.Deserts
   • B.Plains
   • C.Hill slopes✓ Correct Answer
   • D.Deltas

   Explanation: It reduces erosion on steep slopes.

5. Q5.Humus is formed by the decomposition of:

   • A.Rocks
   • B.Plants and Animals✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Plastics
   • D.Metals

   Explanation: Organic matter decays to form humus.

6. Q6.Which of these is a biological weathering agent?

   • A.Temperature change
   • B.Water freezing
   • C.Roots of trees growing in cracks✓ Correct Answer
   • D.Wind

   Explanation: Roots exert pressure, breaking rocks (biological).

7. Q7.Frost wedging is most common in:

   • A.Hot deserts
   • B.Tropical rainforests
   • C.Cold / High altitude climates✓ Correct Answer
   • D.Deep ocean

   Explanation: Repeated freezing and thawing of water in cracks breaks rocks.

8. Q8.A Spit is a depositional feature of:

   • A.Glacier
   • B.Sea waves✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Wind
   • D.River

   Explanation: A spit is a ridge of sand extending from land into the sea.

9. Q9.The Great Barrier Reef is located off the coast of:

   • A.India
   • B.Australia✓ Correct Answer
   • C.USA
   • D.Brazil

   Explanation: It is the world's largest coral reef system, in Australia.

10. Q10.Coral reefs are formed by:

    • A.Volcanic eruption
    • B.Tiny marine animals (Polyps)✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Sand deposition
    • D.Earthquakes

    Explanation: Corals secrete calcium carbonate to form reefs.

11. Q11.Atolls are:

    • A.Circular coral reefs enclosing a lagoon✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Volcanic islands
    • C.Sand dunes
    • D.Icebergs

    Explanation: Atolls are ring-shaped reefs.

12. Q12.Which of the following is a glacial depositional feature?

    • A.Cirque
    • B.Drumlin✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Horn
    • D.U-shaped valley

    Explanation: Drumlins are hills of sediment deposited by glaciers.

13. Q13.The removal of the top layer of soil is called:

    • A.Soil Erosion✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Soil Conservation
    • C.Leaching
    • D.Weathering

    Explanation: Soil erosion removes the fertile topsoil.

14. Q14.Which process turns rock into soil?

    • A.Pedogenesis (Weathering + Organic matter)✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Metamorphism
    • C.Erosion
    • D.Deposition

    Explanation: Pedogenesis involves weathering creating parent material mixed with organics.

15. Q15.Hydration is a chemical weathering process involving:

    • A.Absorption of water by minerals✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Reaction with Oxygen
    • C.Reaction with CO2
    • D.Breaking by roots

    Explanation: Minerals absorb water and expand (e.g., Anhydrite to Gypsum).

16. Q16.The disintegration of rocks due to daily temperature changes is:

    • A.Chemical weathering
    • B.Physical (Mechanical) weathering✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Biological weathering
    • D.Erosion

    Explanation: Expansion and contraction cause cracking (Physical).

17. Q17.A Blind Valley is a feature of:

    • A.Karst topography✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Glacial topography
    • C.Desert topography
    • D.Coastal topography

    Explanation: A valley that ends abruptly where a stream sinks underground.

18. Q18.Which of these is a depositional feature of groundwater?

    • A.Stalactite✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Sinkhole
    • C.Cave
    • D.Lapies

    Explanation: Stalactites are deposits; others are erosional.

19. Q19.The landform created where a river meets the sea is:

    • A.Delta or Estuary✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Waterfall
    • C.Meander
    • D.Gorge

    Explanation: Rivers form deltas or estuaries at their mouths.

20. Q20.Aretes and Horns are found in:

    • A.Mountains with glaciers✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Deserts
    • C.Flat plains
    • D.Coastal areas

    Explanation: They are sharp peaks/ridges formed by glacial erosion.