Earthquakes, Tsunami and Volcanoes - Practice Test 2

Attempt the quiz above first, then review every question with its correct answer and a short explanation below.

1. Q1.An opening in the Earth's crust through which magma erupts is called:

   • A.Focus
   • B.Vent✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Epicenter
   • D.Trench

   Explanation: A vent is the channel through which volcanic material is ejected.

2. Q2.The cup-shaped mouth of a volcano is called:

   • A.Cinder
   • B.Crater✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Focus
   • D.Cone

   Explanation: The depression at the summit of a volcano is a Crater.

3. Q3.A very large crater formed by the collapse of a volcano is called:

   • A.Caldera✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Vent
   • C.Dyke
   • D.Batholith

   Explanation: Calderas are huge depressions formed when a magma chamber empties and collapses.

4. Q4.Magma that reaches the Earth's surface is called:

   • A.Lava✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Ash
   • C.Sill
   • D.Dyke

   Explanation: Magma is underground; Lava is above ground.

5. Q5.Which type of volcano is known as a 'Shield Volcano'?

   • A.Steep slopes, viscous lava
   • B.Gentle slopes, fluid lava✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Explosive eruptions
   • D.Ash only

   Explanation: Shield volcanoes (like Mauna Loa) are broad with gentle slopes formed by fluid basaltic lava.

6. Q6.Which volcano is called the 'Lighthouse of the Mediterranean'?

   • A.Mt. Etna
   • B.Mt. Stromboli✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Mt. Vesuvius
   • D.Mt. Fuji

   Explanation: Stromboli is constantly active, illuminating the sea at night.

7. Q7.Mt. Fuji in Japan is an example of:

   • A.Active Volcano
   • B.Dormant Volcano✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Extinct Volcano
   • D.Shield Volcano

   Explanation: Mt. Fuji is considered dormant (sleeping), hasn't erupted since 1707.

8. Q8.Which is the only active volcano in India?

   • A.Narcondam Island
   • B.Barren Island✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Deccan Traps
   • D.Mount Abu

   Explanation: Barren Island (Andaman & Nicobar) is India's only active volcano.

9. Q9.Narcondam Island in India is classified as:

   • A.Active Volcano
   • B.Dormant/Extinct Volcano✓ Correct Answer
   • C.Mud Volcano
   • D.Shield Volcano

   Explanation: Narcondam is traditionally considered dormant or extinct.

10. Q10.The most explosive type of volcano is:

    • A.Shield Volcano
    • B.Composite (Stratovolcano)✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Cinder Cone
    • D.Fissure eruption

    Explanation: Composite volcanoes (Stratovolcanoes) have viscous lava and gas, leading to explosions.

11. Q11.Composite volcanoes are also known as:

    • A.Shield Volcanoes
    • B.Stratovolcanoes✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Cinder Cones
    • D.Calderas

    Explanation: They are built of layers (strata) of lava and ash.

12. Q12.Which of the following is an Intrusive Volcanic Landform?

    • A.Batholith✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Lava Mesa
    • C.Crater
    • D.Cinder Cone

    Explanation: Batholiths are huge masses of magma cooled deep underground.

13. Q13.A wall-like vertical intrusion of igneous rock is called:

    • A.Sill
    • B.Dyke✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Laccolith
    • D.Phacolith

    Explanation: A Dyke cuts vertically across rock layers.

14. Q14.A horizontal intrusion of igneous rock between layers is called:

    • A.Dyke
    • B.Sill✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Stock
    • D.Batholith

    Explanation: A Sill runs parallel (horizontal) to existing rock layers.

15. Q15.A dome-shaped intrusive body that pushes the overlying rock upwards is:

    • A.Laccolith✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Lopolith
    • C.Batholith
    • D.Sill

    Explanation: Laccoliths are mushroom/dome-shaped intrusions.

16. Q16.Which saucer-shaped intrusive body has a depressed center?

    • A.Laccolith
    • B.Lopolith✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Phacolith
    • D.Batholith

    Explanation: Lopoliths are saucer or basin-shaped intrusions.

17. Q17.Hawaiian volcanoes are examples of:

    • A.Shield Volcanoes✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Composite Volcanoes
    • C.Cinder Cones
    • D.Calderas

    Explanation: Mauna Loa and Kilauea are classic Shield Volcanoes.

18. Q18.Mt. Cotopaxi (Ecuador) is one of the world's highest:

    • A.Active Volcanoes✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Extinct Volcanoes
    • C.Plateaus
    • D.Waterfalls

    Explanation: Cotopaxi is a high-altitude active volcano.

19. Q19.Mt. Vesuvius is located in:

    • A.Japan
    • B.Italy✓ Correct Answer
    • C.Indonesia
    • D.USA

    Explanation: Mt. Vesuvius is a famous volcano in Italy.

20. Q20.Krakatoa, known for its massive 1883 eruption, is in:

    • A.Indonesia✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Philippines
    • C.Japan
    • D.Hawaii

    Explanation: Krakatoa is located in Indonesia.