Earthquakes, Tsunami and Volcanoes - Practice Test 5

Attempt the quiz above first, then review every question with its correct answer and a short explanation below.

1. Q1.The magnitude of earthquakes is measured by:

   • A.Seismograph✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Barometer
   • C.Thermometer
   • D.Anemometer

   Explanation: Seismograph records the waves used to calculate magnitude.

2. Q2.Which of these is a major earthquake zone in India?

   • A.Himalayan Region✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Deccan Plateau (Interior)
   • C.Rajasthan Desert
   • D.Coastal Odisha

   Explanation: The Himalayas are tectonically active (collision zone).

3. Q3.The 2001 Bhuj earthquake occurred in:

   • A.Gujarat✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Maharashtra
   • C.Assam
   • D.Kashmir

   Explanation: It was a devastating intraplate earthquake in Gujarat.

4. Q4.A vent that emits gases and steam is called:

   • A.Fumarole✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Geyser
   • C.Hot Spring
   • D.Crater

   Explanation: Fumaroles emit steam and gases (like sulfur).

5. Q5.Soludification of magma into a saucer shape is:

   • A.Lopolith✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Laccolith
   • C.Sill
   • D.Dyke

   Explanation: Lopolith is basin/saucer shaped.

6. Q6.The 'Ring of Fire' is located in:

   • A.Pacific Ocean basin✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Atlantic Ocean basin
   • C.Indian Ocean basin
   • D.African continent

   Explanation: Repeated concept: Pacific Ocean.

7. Q7.Which of these is NOT a volcanic landform?

   • A.Delta✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Caldera
   • C.Dyke
   • D.Batholith

   Explanation: Delta is formed by river deposition.

8. Q8.Granite rocks are usually associated with which type of volcanism?

   • A.Intrusive✓ Correct Answer
   • B.Extrusive
   • C.Fissure
   • D.Explosive surface

   Explanation: Granite cools underground (intrusive).

9. Q9.The scale measuring earthquake intensity ranges from:

   • A.I to XII (Mercalli)✓ Correct Answer
   • B.1 to 10 (Richter)
   • C.0 to 100
   • D.A to Z

   Explanation: Mercalli scale uses Roman numerals I to XII.

10. Q10.Earthquakes at plate boundaries are caused by:

    • A.Friction and stress release✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Wind
    • C.Tides
    • D.Solar flares

    Explanation: Plates stuck by friction release energy when stress overcomes it.

11. Q11.The famous 1906 earthquake in San Francisco was caused by:

    • A.San Andreas Fault✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Volcano
    • C.Tsunami
    • D.Meteor

    Explanation: Movement along the transform San Andreas Fault.

12. Q12.Which city is prone to earthquakes in India due to being in Zone V?

    • A.Guwahati✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Chennai
    • C.Bangalore
    • D.Hyderabad

    Explanation: Guwahati (North East) is in the highest seismic zone V.

13. Q13.A tsunami wave travels ___ in deep water than in shallow water.

    • A.Faster✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Slower
    • C.Same speed
    • D.Does not travel

    Explanation: Speed depends on depth; deeper = faster.

14. Q14.Volcanic dust and ash can cause:

    • A.Global cooling✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Global warming immediately
    • C.Clear skies
    • D.More sunlight

    Explanation: Ash blocks sunlight causing temporary cooling.

15. Q15.Which of these is a dormant volcano in Italy?

    • A.Mt. Vesuvius (often active/dormant cycles)✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Mt. Etna (Active)
    • C.Stromboli (Active)
    • D.Kilimanjaro (Extinct)

    Explanation: Vesuvius has long dormant periods between eruptions.

16. Q16.A large depression at the top of a volcano is:

    • A.Crater / Caldera✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Vent
    • C.Cone
    • D.Pipe

    Explanation: Crater is smaller; Caldera is larger.

17. Q17.Lava that cools quickly forms rocks with:

    • A.Small / No crystals✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Large crystals
    • C.Fossils
    • D.Layers

    Explanation: Rapid cooling prevents crystal growth (fine-grained).

18. Q18.The focus of an earthquake is usually located in the:

    • A.Crust or Upper Mantle✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Inner Core
    • C.Outer Core
    • D.Space

    Explanation: Most earthquakes are shallow (Lithosphere).

19. Q19.Which country has the most volcanoes?

    • A.USA✓ Correct Answer
    • B.Indonesia
    • C.Japan
    • D.Russia

    Explanation: USA has the most *total* (including Alaska/Hawaii), but Indonesia has most *active*.

20. Q20.Tsunami waves are often called tidal waves, but this is incorrect because:

    • A.They are not caused by tides✓ Correct Answer
    • B.They are small
    • C.They are only in rivers
    • D.They are wind driven

    Explanation: Tsunamis are seismic sea waves, unrelated to the gravitational tides.